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Our hospital is a certified pediatric neurology specialist training facility by the Japanese Society of Child Neurology. We have a pediatric neurology instructor, one epilepsy specialist, and other physicians specializing in pediatric neurology who provide medical care. Pediatric neurology-related disorders range from common conditions such as seizure disorders, developmental disorders, headaches, psychosomatic disorders, and school refusal to less common conditions such as cerebral palsy associated with perinatal disorders, congenital malformation syndromes, congenital metabolic disorders, neuromuscular disorders, and immune-related neurological disorders. With these conditions in mind, we provide a wide range of medical care in our neurology outpatient clinic.
Convulsive disorders include febrile convulsions, epilepsy, and acute encephalitis/encephalopathy.
Most seizures associated with fever are considered febrile seizures, and their frequency is said to be around 10%. They start in the infant years of age and subside by around age 6. Treatment will be determined based on the severity and frequency of the febrile seizures.
When a patient experiences repeated paroxysmal seizures without any trigger, such as fever, the possibility of epilepsy is considered. The frequency is approximately one-tenth of the febrile seizures mentioned above (approximately 0.81 TP3T). The diagnosis of epilepsy is vague, and begins with gathering information through interictal EEG recording and head MRI imaging. Ictal EEG recording may also be attempted during hospitalization. If a diagnosis of epilepsy is made, seizures are often controlled with oral antiepileptic drugs, but in some cases, seizure control is difficult and treatments such as a ketogenic diet are also available. For epilepsy surgery, we refer patients to appropriate hospitals and work closely with them to provide treatment.
Infections such as influenza and roseola may cause convulsions, which may progress to brain damage over the course of the convulsion. The prognosis varies. After overcoming the acute phase, we will monitor the recovery process through rehabilitation and other measures.
Developmental disorders include intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), communication disorders, developmental coordination disorder (DDC), and learning disabilities. We evaluate the child's cognitive abilities using the new K-type developmental test and the WISC test, confirm the child's current condition, and consider future responses. We help daycare, kindergarten, and school teachers understand the child's characteristics, and work with government agencies and child development support organizations to create an environment in which the child can grow. For ADHD, environmental adjustments are the first priority, but oral medications such as central nervous system stimulants are also provided when necessary.
Regarding headaches, there is an International Classification of Headache Disorders, and we make diagnoses in accordance with this and strive to provide appropriate treatment.Some headaches have psychological aspects, which can make them difficult, but we strive to provide treatment without giving up.
When it comes to psychosomatic disorders, we provide counseling and strive to provide treatment without giving up, including Chinese herbal medicine treatment.
Regarding school refusal, we look at the root causes from multiple angles, adjust the current environment, and help the student understand their current situation. It would be ideal for them to be able to participate in society in the future, but there is plenty of time, so we try to take our time and not rush into a conclusion.
Regarding brain disorders associated with perinatal disorders (such as cerebral palsy), we work in cooperation with rehabilitation hospitals to consider the medical care needed by the child and the quality of life of the entire family when providing treatment.
Regarding congenital malformation syndromes and congenital metabolic disorders, the frequency of each disease is extremely rare, and although there are many cases where we are unable to determine the exact cause, we do our best to diagnose them.
Regarding neuromuscular diseases, including muscular dystrophy, we hope to work in cooperation with specialized hospitals to serve as a medical institution when patients become ill.
There is even a field called neuroimmunology that deals with immune-related neurological diseases, and knowledge is increasing every year. At our hospital, we strive to make early diagnoses and provide the necessary treatment.
