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The main diseases include pigmented nevi, sebaceous nevi, lymphangioma, lipoma, sebaceous cyst (atheroma), calcifying epithelioma, syringoma, milia, fibroma, common warts, nevus of Ota (blue birthmark), and hemangioma (red birthmark), among many others.
Treatment is performed by selecting from a variety of treatment methods depending on the type, nature, and size of the disease. For small tumors, methods such as burning with a carbon dioxide laser or electric scalpel, excision, or suturing after excision are used to make the scars as inconspicuous as possible. For large areas, treatments include skin transplants (grafts), reconstruction with local skin flaps, and treatment using tissue expanders, with an emphasis on cosmetic results. In addition, excised tumors are submitted for pathological examination, and a histological diagnosis is made under a microscope.
What at first glance appears to be a wart, mole, or scar may actually be a malignant skin tumor (skin cancer). In particular, you should be careful if you notice that your wart has recently gotten bigger, that you have a black, oozing mole, that is oozing and occasionally oozing or bleeding, that you have a black streak on your nail, or that something like a wound has appeared but is not healing.
Typical skin malignancies include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, extramammary Paget's disease, Bowen's disease, and actinic keratosis, and the extent of resection is determined in accordance with the guidelines for skin malignancies.
Lumps that form under the skin (subcutaneous tumors, soft tissue tumors) can also be malignant. Those that grow rapidly may be malignant. Even if they are malignant, they rarely cause subjective symptoms such as pain or itching, so it is dangerous to leave them untreated just because they do not cause symptoms. Skin cancer can often be cured completely if it is completely removed, and the smaller the tumor, the better the results. If you notice a lump, even if it is small, we recommend that you see a doctor as soon as possible.
First, a detailed examination will be performed in the outpatient clinic using a magnifying glass (dermatoscope). If there is a possibility of cancer, a portion will be removed and sent for a cytological examination, or surgery to remove the entire area will be scheduled.
Skin cancer is particularly common on the face, and many people are hesitant to have scars on their face, but special suturing methods can make the scars very inconspicuous. Small tumors can be removed in a few minutes under local anesthesia. Anesthesia is administered by slowly injecting an anesthetic using a very fine needle, so there is minimal pain. The final diagnosis is made by examining the removed tumor at the cellular level (pathological examination). It takes several days to a week for the results to become available.
When tumor resection leaves a large tissue defect, we perform reconstruction surgery using skin grafts or skin flaps. Skin grafts are used for defects that only involve skin. New blood vessels grow from deep within the grafted skin and attach to it. We are confident in the success rate of this grafting. A method of transplanting not only skin but also deep tissues such as subcutaneous fat, fascia, muscle, bone, and tendon is called skin flap surgery. This is performed for defects that cannot be covered with skin grafts or when the goal is to restore function. Skin flap surgery is a technique that can be considered a hallmark of plastic surgery.
If lymph node metastasis is suspected, a sentinel lymph node biopsy will be performed as appropriate and a surgical procedure that takes cosmetic considerations into account will be selected.
